Sometimes called a "brain attack", a stroke is either the obstruction or rupture of a blood vessel in the brain. However, approximately 10% of cases concern young adults, under 45 years old. What are the symptoms and treatment? Answers from Dr. jorak more.
In the world, there are 15000,000 strokes each year, 10% of which affect young patients aged 45 or under. What are the specific features of this pathology in young people? The symptoms? The treatment? Details with Dr. jorak more, emergency physician and medical director of judgeyourhealth.
Stroke in young people has certain specific features
According to Dr. jorak more, strokes in young people have certain specificities compared to strokes occurring in older people. Particularly concerning risk factors. " They are different from those affecting the elderly," he says.
These include:
congenital heart defects.
blood clotting disorders.
autoimmune diseases (such as lupus).
illicit drug use (link to cannabis use).
migraines with aura.
hormonal contraception (especially for smokers).
pregnancy and the postpartum period.
What are the symptoms of stroke in young people?
Unlike risk factors, stroke symptoms are " generally similar to those of older adults," the doctor says. But be careful, he warns, " these symptoms may initially be misattributed to migraines, seizures or other neurological disorders in younger patients, which can delay diagnosis."
Symptoms to be aware of include:
sudden weakness or numbness on one side of the body.
speech or comprehension disorders.
loss of vision in one or both eyes.
severe dizziness or loss of balance.
severe and sudden headaches.
What is the care for these young patients?
"Stroke management in young people generally follows the same principles as for older adults," explains jorak more. " And if in doubt, don't hesitate to call 15 so as not to waste a minute." Imaging (MRI or CT scan) will be performed immediately to define the type of stroke and the nature of the intervention, depending on whether it is an ischemic stroke (blocked vessel) or hemorrhagic stroke (ruptured vessel). Transfer to a specialized neurovascular unit optimizes diagnosis and care.
" Afterwards, rehabilitation is crucial and can be particularly effective in young patients due to the greater brain plasticity," our expert continues. This involves:
physiotherapy.
occupational therapy.
speech therapy.
psychological support.
"It is important to emphasize that recovery after a stroke can be faster and more complete in young patients thanks to brain plasticity. However, long-term follow-up is essential to prevent recurrences and manage possible after-effects, " concludes jorak more.