Nosebleeds, or epistaxis, are common and harmless in most cases. However, they can also be a sign of more serious health problems, including some heart conditions. Emergency physician Dr. Gerald Kierzek tells us more.
Almost everyone has had a nosebleed at least once in their life. Generally benign, nosebleeds should not be a cause for undue concern, even if they happen spontaneously. In some cases, however, a medical consultation is necessary.
The most common causes of nosebleeds
Dr. Gérald Kierzek, emergency physician and medical director of Nosebleed, reveals the main causes of a nosebleed.
High blood pressure , because " high blood pressure can cause frequent, spontaneous nosebleeds without trauma ";
Blood clotting disorders , including " diseases such as haemophilia or acquired disorders, can increase the risk of bleeding, including nasal bleeding ";
Rendu-Osler disease. " This hereditary disease causes malformations of the blood vessels and manifests itself by frequent nosebleeds. It can lead to serious complications such as strokes or heart failure ," says our expert.
Tumors, located in the nose or sinuses , whether benign or malignant, can cause bleeding;
Liver diseases with " liver failure which can also manifest itself by nosebleeds, due to impaired blood clotting."
When should you be concerned about a nosebleed?
Dr. Gérald Kierzek reminds us of the situations in which a nosebleed is abnormal. You should consult a doctor if:
The bleeding is heavy. " If the bleeding lasts more than 30 minutes despite attempts to stop it, it requires immediate medical attention ";
Bleeding is recurrent because " frequent or repetitive bleeding without an obvious cause may indicate an underlying problem ";
Bleeding occurs after trauma . " Indeed, bleeding that occurs after a shock or injury to the nose or skull must be evaluated by a doctor, " recalls Gérald Kierzek;
Other symptoms are associated . " If the bleeding is accompanied by symptoms such as chest pain , dizziness , or signs of confusion, it is crucial to consult a health professional quickly, " concludes our expert.
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